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科科论坛第59讲:朱利安·赫胥黎的生平与工作(10月24日)

北大科学史与科学哲学论坛第59讲

时间:2008年10月24日(周五)下午3:00-5:00
地点:承泽园西所科学与社会研究中心学术报告厅
主讲人:Professor Dr. Krishna R. Dronamraju (美国遗传学基金会,休斯敦)
主题: 朱利安·赫胥黎的生平与工作


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附一,主讲人简介:
Dronamraju教授是著名的印裔美国遗传学家,现任设在休斯敦的美国遗传基金会主席,同时担任美国政府生物技术顾问与多所大学的名誉教授,曾于2005年来华出席第22届国际科学史大会。他出版的著作包括Malaria: Genetic and Evolutionary Aspects(Springer, 2006),Infectious Disease and Host-Pathogen Evolution(Cambridge University Press, 2004),Biological Wealth and Other Essays (World Scientific, 2002),Biological and Social Issues in Biotechnology Sharing(Ashgate, 1998),Science and Society(University Press of America, Lanham, Maryland, 1998),Haldane's Daedalus Revisited (Oxford University Press,1995),If I am to be Remembered, The Life and work of Julian Huxley(World Scientific, 1993),The History and Development of Human Genetics(World Scientific, 1992),Selected Genetic papers of JBS Haldane (Garland Publishing, New York, 1990),The Foundations of Human Genetics(C.C. Thomas, Springfield, Ill., 1989),Cleft Lip and Palate: Aspects of Reproductive Biology (C.C. Thomas, Springfield, Ill., 1986),Haldane: The Life and Work of JBS Haldane with special reference to India(Aberdeen Univ. Press,1985), Haldane and Modern Biology (Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore),Emerging Consequences of Biotechnology(World Scientific, 2008),Haldane’s Popular Science(Oxford University Press,in press 2008),等。  


附二,演讲提要
The Life and Work of Julian Huxley (1887-1975)
Julian Huxley was a distinguished biologist and public servant. He was the grandson of Thomas Henry Huxley (1825-1895), a close friend and supporter of Charles Darwin. His brother was Aldous Huxley who wrote the futuristic fiction Brave New World. Julian Huxley was a man of many parts: biologist, conservationist, author, explorer, administrator and humanist, as well as an occasional poet.

He believed in social justice and education and was a driving force behind the establishment of schools and universities in Africa. He was the first Director General of UNESCO in Paris during the years: 1946-48 and worked actively in the preceding years for its creation. He appointed Joseph Needham as the first Head of its Science Department and supported Needham’s close relations with China, publishing several volumes on Science and Civilization in China.

Huxley’s biological research led to pioneering discoveries in courtship behavior in birds, amphibian metamorphosis, relative growth, and rate-genes for eye color in Gammarus. His seminal work, Evolution: The Modern Synthesis (1942) was a masterly synthesis of evolutionary research from multiple disciplines which summed up the evidence for evolution at that time.

He was a field ornithologist of great distinction and promoted the conservation of rare species of birds and other life. He was primarily responsible for the establishment of wild life parks and reserves in Africa and elsewhere. Furthermore, he was mainly responsible for the establishment of the Internatonal Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) in 1948 under the auspices of UNESCO.

Huxley was a great humanist who believed in the great human potential for the betterment of society. He believed that Darwinian evolution has entered a new phase: psychosocial evolution which bridged the gap between the sciences and the humanities.



References

Dronamraju,K.R. (1993) If I Am To Be Rembered: The Life and Work of Julian Huxley with Selected Correspondence. London: World Scientific Publishing Co.

Huxley, J.S. (1942) Evolution: The Modern Synthesis. London: Allen & Unwin.  

Huxley, J.S. (1970) Memories. London: Allen & Unwin.

Huxley, J.S. (1973) Memories II. London: Allen & Unwin.
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